A takeover bid occurs when an investor makes an offer to all the shareholders of a publicly traded company (the "target") to purchase their shares in that company at a specified price. If enough shareholders "tender" their shares and accept the offer (the threshold is set by the investor in each deal, but is usually between 30-70%), then the deal goes ahead and the investor purchases all the shares that were tendered. When presented with a proposed takeover bid, the board of directors of the target often takes defensive actions, including soliciting bids from other potential investors, buying back stock from shareholders, or auctioning off "crown jewel" assets that might be the target of the bid.

Reshoring is when a country moves previously outsourced manufacturing back into the country.  In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, several countries such as the United States and Japan have reshored certain industries.

Eco-terrorism is an act of violence committed in support of environmental causes, against people or property. For instance, the destruction of factories to prevent factory work from polluting the environment would be an example of eco terrorism.

A recall election allows voters to vote to remove a politician from office before the end of their term.  If a majority of voters vote in favour of a recall, the politician being recalled will lose their job and there will be an election to replace them.